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E. OURY.

MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS.

Patented Peb.27, 1883.

INVENTOR:

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MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS.

.No. 213,139. Patented Feb.27,1883.

INYENTORI Wl TN ESSES-z By [2119' A iforne z's',

I N PEYERS. mlvl-Rhcmpbcn Waxhillginl'l. D. (l

UNITED STAT S- PATENT OFFICE- EUGENE OURY, OF GHERBOURG, ASSIGNOR TO JEAN ALBAN LANNES, OF

PARIS, FRANCE.

MANUFACTURE OF CHAINS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,139, dated February 27, 1883.

Application filed November 3, 1882 (No model.) Patented in France March 17, 1881, No. 141,728; in Belgium June 27, 1881, No. 55,016,

, and in Germany June 28, 1881., No. 16,652.

of Gherbourg, (Department of the Manche,)

France, have invented certain Improvements in the Manufacture of Chains, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the manufacture of chains from solid bars without a weld and it consists, essentially, in first rolling or cutting out a barof the solid metal having a transverse section in the form of a cross that is to say, the bar has four ribs, extendingits entire length, of the same thickness, and having the opposite re-entering angles equal. Preferably all the angles are right angles. From a bar thus formed portions of the ribs are cut away at intervals to separate or divide oft the links, and these cut-away portions or recesses alternate, so that before the adjacent links are separated entirely the bar presents the appearance of a solid or rigid chain. Thelinks are p then separated, so as to give to the chainthe ing the links.

customary flexibility, and this is ell'ected by punching or cutting out the surplus metal, as will he hereinafter described. The links ma then be shaped in dies of peculiar construction, which will also be described hereinafter.

In the drawings, which serve to illustrate my invention and the modes and means employed for putting it into effect, Figure 1 shows a cross-section of the bar from which the chain is formed, and also the holes pierced diagonally through from angle to angle for separat- Figs. 2 and 3 represent, respectively, a plan and side view of a chain which is being constructed according to my method, illustrating all the various transformations through which the bar passes from the solid to the chain of finished links. Figs. 4.- to 15, inclusive, illustrate thevarious tools employed in forming the chain, which will be referred to hereinafter in describing the mode of manufacture.

As before stated, a bar of metal is formed having across-section similar to that shown in Fig.1, the four ribs being arranged oppositely, and having the same thickness. The links A are formed from the ribs by cutting away parts of the same at a and a, the recesses a being arranged opposite each other, and the recesses a opposite each other, and the pairs a and a being arranged to alternate. For cutting out the ribs to form these recesses I employ the tool shown in vertical section in Fig. 4 and in horizontal section in Fig. 5. This tool consists of two laterally-cutting punches, b I), connected at their upper end, and arranged to enter a matrix or die, 0, of the proper shape. Room is left between the punches for the ribs that stand upright while the other ribs are being cut away.

The next step is to punch the holes D D diagonally through the links at the points clearly shown in the first three figures of the drawings. The tool I employ for this purpose is illustrated in Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9, the first being an end view, the second a side view, the third a cross-section on line 8 S in Fig. 7, and the fourth adetached view,which will beexplained.

E is an interior cylinder, fixed in the frame E, which bears the four spring-punches d d. v

F is an exterior cylinder, mounted rotatively in the frame E, provided with collars to prevent longitudinal movement, and with a driving-pulley, Gr, keyed to it. This cylinder F is provided also with splines H, on which is mounted to slide a cylinder, I, which has cams K K, to wipe over the outer ends of the punches, or over shoulders thereon, and to press them radially inward.

L is an abutment on the frame E, and b and c are cams on the cylinder I, which strike, as the cylinder rotates, the abutment L, and impart a longitudinal reciprocating motion to the cylinder I. The cylinder I advances or recedes after the cams k have acted on the punches d d. The abutment L (shown detached in plan in. Fig. 9) is arranged to slide in a part of the main frame, and is provided with a suitable handle for moving it in or out.

The next step is to groove out the metal at J from both sides of the link and then to punch out the tiepieces M. This last is done by means of a tool shown in Figs. 10 and 11,

the former of which is a vertical and the latter a horizontal mid section. It is now only necessary to cut through the thin retaining-web of metal at the points 01, extending from the hole D to the end of the link. This may be done after the metal is cold. The links are now separated, but are rough and irregular, as indicated in Figs. 2 and 3. The middle links of the series are here shown irregular purposely to illustrate this. It is necessary now to finish up the links in a die, if it be desired to make a finely-finished chain. This is done in the die or tool illustrated in Figs. 12 and 13, the former of which is a vertical and the latter a horizontal section.

The links may be made ofany desired shapesquare, circular, oval, or otherwise-and they may have transoms for bracing them, if desired. At the right in Fig. 2 I have shown a link provided with a transom, P, and in Figs. 14 and 15 I have shown a tool for inserting such a transom, the former being a vertical mid-section and the latter a plan of the tool.

Q Q are jaws somewhat like those of a vise, with recesses to receive the link and a loose cross-bar. The transom is placed in position in the link, and the jaws are caused to squeeze the link up on it, so as to grasp it firmly.

In Figs. 2 and 3 is shown the peculiar shape of the cross-section of the rough link after the grooving at J has been effected.

I am aware that it has been proposed to construct chains from solid bars without a weld, but not in the man'nerherein described that is to say, by punching intersecting holes diagonally through the bar from one re-entcring anglet'o that opposite, whereby the metal is cut at the point where the two coupled links join one another or interlink, as shown. in

Figs. 1 and 2.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. The improvement in the art of making chains from solid bars without a weld, which consists in punching, through a bar formed as described, holes D D,which extend diagonally through from one reentering angle to the other, and intersect, thereby separating one link from the other at the points where they are coupled together'or interlink, as shown and set forth.

2. The tool for piercing the holes D D, constructed and arranged to operate substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EUG. OURY.

Vv'itnesses:

J. FoLLIo'r, E. TRAnEag. 

